| From 1370 to 1413 many revolutions took place in | | | | England's history as she led colonization, explorations, |
| England and at this time ulltimately the House of | | | | victory in wars and also the arts flourished during this |
| Lancaster grabbed the English Throne, but Henry V's | | | | period with writers like Shakespeare and Bacon. |
| reign was quite short (and colourful) from 1413 to | | | | But same as her sister she also faced many revolts |
| 1422. | | | | like the serious one in 1601 which led to great financial |
| Territorial gains that the Battle of Agincourt in France | | | | losses for her. Drake started his voyage in 1577, in |
| brought were very soon lost, even Gascony and | | | | search of Australia, he did not find it, but got a lot of |
| then by 1453, Calais remained as the only English | | | | wealth by looting the Spanish processions in the |
| possession in Europe. | | | | Pacific and cargoes of spices. He was the |
| The loss started a series of bloody events that were | | | | first Englishman to sail across the world. |
| horrible in Medieval (or is it MediEVIL !) England and it | | | | Eventually it led to a full fledged war between |
| again lost its glory, until Tudor Henry VII came to the | | | | England and Spain. King Philip of Spain assembled the |
| throne after winning the battle of Market Bosworth | | | | largest fleet the world had ever seen and set it for |
| in 1485 and starting another century's history in | | | | sail against the English.. |
| England. | | | | His aim was to conquer and/or loot England in 1588, |
| Later Henry VIII could not divorce his wife, as the | | | | but the English vessels tried hard to stop him and he |
| Roman Pope would not allow it, so in reprisal he | | | | reached Calais and anchored there. English fire ships |
| burned the Roman Catholic Churches in England and | | | | were sent firing and making him retreat and the |
| created his own church The Church of England. | | | | Spanish Armada went north of Scotland and the Irish |
| According to his new Church, of which of course he | | | | coast. |
| was the head, he could divorce his wife Queen | | | | Unfortunately for the Spanish (not for the English) |
| Catherine and remarry again whomever he pleased | | | | the entire fleet of ships and 20,000 men vanished |
| and as many times as he pleased, since he had no | | | | without trace, humiliating Spain in the eyes of the |
| descendant/offspring/heirs for the Royal Throne yet. | | | | world. So much so that they never tried it again. |
| He was a ruthless ruler hearing nobody but himself, | | | | The Spanish wars had cost England lots of money |
| so he burned all the Catholic Monasteries in England | | | | and Elizabeth had to go begging for more money to |
| and the landowners lost their property forever. | | | | the English Parliament which got them angry at the |
| He did after all have the King's Divine Right to do this, | | | | Royal Charters that she had granted to her favorites |
| as this was given to him by God when he was born. | | | | and she gave them a humble "Golden Speech" that |
| After Henry's death, his daughter Mary took over, | | | | made the Parliament realize their mistake. |
| but she is mostly hated as she tried to undo | | | | After some time she fell ill and also she lost to the |
| everything that her father had done and acted as a | | | | rebels of Ireland, distorting her health further and as |
| Queen Tyrant. | | | | she had no successor, and when she was on her |
| But she left no offspring, so after her death her | | | | death bed she chose James Stuart, The King of |
| Protestant half-sister Elizabeth gained control of | | | | Scotland as the next successor to the English Crown. |
| England. | | | | When she died, Queen Elizabeth 1 was £400,000 in |
| Her rule is considered to be the Golden Period in | | | | debt. |